What are the properties of plastic

Compared with other materials, plastics have the following performance characteristics:

Plastic is a lightweight material with a relative density between 0.90 and 2.2. Apparently, can plastic float on water? In particular, foamed plastics are light in texture and have a relative density of only 0.01 due to the micropores in them. This property allows plastics to be used to produce products where weight reduction is required.

Most plastics have good corrosion resistance to chemicals such as acids and bases. In particular, polytetrafluoroethylene (F4), commonly known as the king of plastics, has better chemical stability than gold, and will not deteriorate when boiled in aqua regia for more than ten hours. F4 is an ideal corrosion-resistant material because of its excellent chemical stability. For example, F4 can be used as a pipe material for conveying corrosive and viscous liquids.

Ordinary plastic is a poor conductor, and its surface resistance and volume resistance can reach 109-1018 ohms in number. The breakdown voltage is high, and the dielectric loss tangent is small. Therefore, plastics are widely used in the electronic industry and mechanical industries. Such as plastic insulated control cables.

Generally speaking, the thermal conductivity of plastic is relatively low, which is equivalent to 1/75-1/225 of steel, and the micropores of foam plastic.

It contains gas, so its thermal insulation, sound insulation, and better impact resistance. For example, the thermal conductivity of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is only 1/357 of that of steel and 1/1250 of that of aluminum. In terms of thermal insulation capacity, single-glass plastic windows are 40% higher than single-glass aluminum windows, and double-glass windows are 50% higher. After the plastic window is combined with the insulating glass, it can be used in residential buildings, office buildings, wards, and hotels, saving heating in winter and air-conditioning costs in summer, with obvious benefits.

Some plastics are as hard as stone and steel, while others are as soft as paper and leather. According to the mechanical properties of plastics such as hardness, tensile strength, elongation, impact strength, etc., they are widely distributed and have a wide range of choices. Because the plastic and specific gravity are small, the specific strength is high. Compared with other materials, plastics also have obvious disadvantages, such as being easy to burn, not as rigid as metal, high, poor aging resistance, poor heat resistance, etc.